Exam 4 Review:  Chapter 26:  Clinical Terms

salicylate poisoning - The toxicity caused by the ingestion of excessive amounts of salicylates, usually aspirin (acetyl salicylic acid); symptoms include hyperventilation and consequent respiratory alkalosis, hypoglycemia, pulmonary and cerebral edema, and impaired platelet function and poor blood clotting, possible metabolic acidosis as well.

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease = COPD - Any chronic, usually irreversible, lung disease, e.g., asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, pneumonia, tuberculosis, etc., in which breathing becomes slowed or forced, and wheezing and chronic cough are often present; symptoms and progression are aggravated by smoking.

emphysema - A common pathological condition of the lungs marked by an abnormal increase in the size of the air spaces, resulting in labored breathing and an increased susceptibility to infection; it can be caused by irreversible expansion of the alveoli or by the destruction of alveolar walls; it is classified among the chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPDs).

cystic fibrosis (CF) - A hereditary disease (autosomal recessive) of the exocrine glands, usually developing during early childhood and affecting mainly the pancreas, respiratory system, and sweat glands (elevated chloride levels); it is characterized by the production of abnormally viscous mucus by the affected glands, usually resulting in chronic respiratory infections and impaired pancreatic and intestinal function. 

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