Exam 5 Review: Chapter 16: The Ovaries
ovaries - The essential female reproductive organs (gonads), located in the pelvic cavity, in which the ova are produced by meiosis and which secrete the female hormones, estrogens, progesterones, inhibin and relaxin.estrogen - Any of several closely related steroid (cholesterol-based) hormones produced chiefly by the ovaries, and in minute quantities by the adrenal cortex, and responsible for promoting the development and maintenance of female secondary sex characteristics as well as regulating the uterine cycle to produce an environment suitable for the fertilization, implantation and nutrition of the developing embryo; also produced by the placenta during a pregnancy; it predominates in the blood in the first half of the menstrual cycle.
progesterone - A steroid (cholesterol-based) hormone secreted by the corpus luteum of the ovary and by the placenta, which acts to prepare the uterus for implantation of the fertilized ovum, to maintain pregnancy, and to promote development of the mammary glands; it also provides negative feedback to the ovary to prevent further follicular development; it predominates in the blood in the second half of the menstrual cycle.
inhibin - A polypeptide/protein hormone secreted by the follicular cells of the ovary and the Sertoli cells of the testis that inhibits secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary; thus, it contributes to the negative feedback control of the plasma levels of the steroid sex hormones produced by the gonads.
relaxin - A female protein hormone secreted by the corpus luteum of
the ovary that
helps to soften the cervix and to relax the pelvic ligaments and to cause appropriate
smooth muscle relaxation in
childbirth.
Sketch and Label:
6. a negative feedback pathway
for the regulation of:
f. Estrogen
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