Exam 1 Review:  Chapter 1:  Body Cavity and Medical Imaging Terms

all body cavities  [see figure 1.9, p. 17]

viscera - The soft internal organs of the body, especially those contained within the abdominal and thoracic cavities.

serous membrane - A simple squamous lining found in the various ventral body cavities which lines the walls of the cavities and the organs contained therein and which produces a watery serous fluid which lubricates the lining surfaces.

pleura - The serous membrane which lines the pleural cavities and which covers the surfaces of the lungs and produces the lubricating pleural fluid.

pericardium - The serous membrane which lines the pericardial cavity and which covers the heart and produces the lubricating pericardial fluid.

peritoneum - The serous membrane which lines the abdominal cavity and which covers the various abdominal organs and produces the lubricating peritoneal fluid.

mucous membrane - The general term for a specialized epithelial lining which produces a lubricating fluid containing the sticky protein mucin which traps microbes and dirt particles and protects any body structure which is continuous with the external environment except the skin itself.   Examples include the linings of the digestive, respiratory, and urogenital systems and the conjunctival lining of the eyes.

medical imaging - A series of non-invasive imaging techniques which use projected x-rays, radiowaves, sound waves, or magnetic fields to produce two or three dimensional maps of various portions of the body.

examples:

radiograph - An image produced on a radiosensitive surface, such as a photographic film, by radiation other than visible light, especially by x-rays passed through an object or by photographing a fluoroscopic image. 

computed tomography - a method of examining body organs by scanning them with X rays and using a computer to construct an image.  (aka CAT scan)

magnetic resonance imaging - A non-invasive medical imaging technique which uses radiowaves and magnetic fields to produce a two or three dimensional map of cellular chemistry by detecting the orientation of water molecules in the tissues of the body.  (aka MRI.)

ultrasound - A non-invasive medical imaging technique which uses sound waves to produce a two or three dimensional map of general cellular and tissue structure by detecting the pattern of echoes generated from the various tissues of the body.

List:

8.  three serous membranes.

        pleura - pericardium - peritoneum

9. five body cavities.

        dorsal (cranial + vertebral)

        ventral (thoracic [2 pleural + 1 pericardial]) + abdominal / pelvic

Sketch and Label:

4.  cross sections illustrating the dorsal and ventral body cavities and label the cavity subdivisions and label the membranes lining them.

   [see figure 1.9, p. 17]