Listen to Normal Heart Sounds.Exam 1 Review: Chapter 18: Heart Sounds and Valve Disease
auscultation - The act of listening with the ear or with the stethoscope for sounds made by internal organs, such as the heart, lungs and intestines, to aid in the diagnosis of certain disorders and for the detection of pregnancy.
lubb - The first of two heart sounds, caused by the closure of the atrio-ventricular (tricuspid and bicuspid/mitral) valves at the end of atrial contraction/systole during the QRS complex of the ECG.
dupp/dub - The second of two heart sounds, caused by the closure of the aortic and pulmonary truck semilunar valves at the end of ventricular contraction/systole during the T wave of the ECG.
Listen to Normal Heart Sounds.
murmur - A blowing or rasping sound heard while listening to the heart which may or may not indicate problems within the heart or circulatory system; a murmur is typically caused by a improper valve function.
To hear more heart sounds, follow this link.
Describe:
5. the source of normal and abnormal heart sounds.
| Source of Normal Heart Sounds | Source of Abnormal Heart Sounds |
| The source of the normal heart sounds is the closure of the heart valves. The first of the two heart sounds, "lubb" as he's known to his close friends, is caused by the closure of the atrio-ventricular (tricuspid and bicuspid/mitral) valves at the end of atrial contraction/systole during the QRS complex of the ECG, and his buddy, "dupp" or "dub," is the second of two heart sounds, and is caused by the closure of the aortic and pulmonary truck semilunar valves at the end of ventricular contraction/systole during the T wave of the ECG. | The typical source of abnormal heart sounds is also the heart valves. A murmer, " a blowing or rasping sound heard while listening to the heart, may or may not indicate problems within the heart or circulatory system; a murmur is typically caused by a improper valve function; often a failure of proper closure of the valve so that blood squirts backward into the previous chamber. |
Terms associated with Valve Disease:
mitral stenosis - A narrowing of the left atrio-ventricular valve = mitral (bicuspid) valve, usually caused by scarring from rheumatic fever, resulting in an obstruction to the flow of blood from the left atrium into the left ventricle.
mitral insufficiency - A stretching or other failure of proper closure of the left atrio-ventricular valve = mitral (bicuspid) valve, e.g., due to congenital defects or from scarring after a myocardial infarction, resulting in a back flow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium.
aortic stenosis - A narrowing of the aortic semilunar valve, usually caused by scarring from rheumatic fever, resulting in an obstruction to the flow of blood from the left ventricle into the aorta.
aortic (valvular) insufficiency - A stretching of the aortic semilunar valve resulting in a backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle.
mitral valve prolapse - A congenital form of mitral insufficiency in which a bulge in the left atrio-ventricular valve = mitral (bicuspid) valve between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart causes backward flow of blood into the left atrium.