Exam 1 Review Sheet for
Thursday, July 12 Exam
Our exam will include
material from chapters 10, 12, 13 and part of 14. Chapter 10 will not be covered in as much depth as the other
chapters. Only material that I have covered in class, have assigned homework
problems on, or mention on this review sheet will be tested.
On Thursday, you should be
able to: (I do not claim that this is an exhaustive list.)
Chapter 10
·
Explain the three ways
of defining oxidation.
·
Be able to identify the
reduced and oxidized species, oxidizing agent and reducing agent.
·
Give examples of
oxidation/reduction
·
Compare and contrast
electrochemical cells and electrolysis.
·
Identify and explain the
terms anode, cathode, salt bridge. Identify the polarities of anode and cathode
in electrochemical and electrolysis cells.
·
Use your table of half
cell potentials to: predict the spontaneity of reactions and determine the
voltage of batteries.
·
Recognize the half cell
reactions for the dry cell, alkaline, lead storage and nickel/cadmium
batteries. Compare and contrast these
different types giving advantages and disadvantages.
·
Define corrosion,
recognize the reactions for common rusting, describe the requirements for
rusting, and list and explain ways to reduce rusting.
·
List the applications of
electrolysis. Use cell potentials to
predict the products of electrolysis.
·
Define and use the
following terms: catenation, hybridization, homologous, saturated, unsaturated,
condensed structural formula, general structural formula, radicals, isomers,.
·
Explain why there are so
many carbon compounds.
·
List and explain the
different types of hybridization that carbon undergoes and what geometries and
bond angles result
·
Name and draw structural
formulas for alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, cycloalkanes, cycloalkenes, and
aromatics. Be sure and know common
names for structures covered in class.
Describe the general properties of each type of compound with regard to
stable phase under normal room conditions, water solubility, and chemical
reactivity.
·
Explain structural and
cis/trans isomerism. Give examples,
tell what types of compounds exhibit it, name compounds and give structural
formulas.
·
Summarize our history of
energy use in the U.S. knowing approximate percentages for today. Explain the importance of petroleum in our
energy history as well as in organic chemistry. Be able to match examples of
the products derived from the fractional distillation of petroleum as a
function of chain length. Explain what
type of chemical alterations can be made to these products.
·
Explain the concept of
octane rating in gasoline and how octane rating can be increased. Define and explain oxygenated and
reformulated gasoline. Why are these
modifications necessary and how does this affect the consumer?
·
Define energy and power
and recognize energy and power units.
·
Discuss the world energy
problems using specific information from the lecture notes and text
material.
·
Define fission and
fusion and be able to complete nuclear equations summarizing these processes.
(Review Chapter 5 if hazy on nuclear equations) Explain how fission is used to
produce electricity and the pros and cons associated with this process. Discuss
the pros and cons associated with using fusion for the production of
electricity.
·
List and discuss the
pros and cons of possible energy alternatives given in text and lecture.
·
Name and draw structural
formulas for alkyl halides, alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, acids. Be able to recognize these functional
groups. Be sure and know any common
names given in class. Describe the general properties of each type of compound
with regard to stable phase under normal room conditions, water solubility, and
chemical reactivity.