SAMPLE EXAM FOR CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION
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1. Which is the larger, more inclusive field of study in the investigative sciences?
A. Forensic Science *
B. Criminalistics
C. Ballistics
D. Dactylography

2. A crime scene technician would use more inductive logic than a chief investigator.
A. true *
B. false

3. Courts have historically relied most upon which standard in admitting crime scene evidence?
A. Frye *
B. Marx
C. Coppolino
D. Daubert

4. The Marx standard involves whether the court does not have to sacrifice its common sense in understanding the scientific technique.
A. true *
B. false

5. Historically, who was the first detective agency?
A. Pinkertons
B. Scotland Yard 
C. Bow Street Runners *
D. Secret Service

6. Who established the first Internal Affairs unit?
A. NYPD 
B. Scotland Yard *
C. Chicago P.D.
D. Interpol

7. Many of the Bow Street Runners were ex-convicts.
A. true *
B. false

8. Which detective agency had the motto "We Never Sleep"?
A. Pinkertons *
B. Burns 
C. U.S. Marshals
D. Secret Service

9. Who invented the idea of plainclothes police detectives?
A. Allan Pinkerton 
B. Sir Robert Peel *
C. J. Edgar Hoover
D. Teddy Roosevelt

10. Who was the founder of America's first crime lab?
A. Alec Jeffreys 
B. Al Osborn 
C. Leo Keeler
D. Calvin Goddard *

11. Who started the high-IQ detective mystique?
A. Sir Robert Peel 
B. Col. Seth Wiard 
C. J. Edgar Hoover
D. August Vollmer *

12. There are approximately how many crime labs (federal, state & local) in the U.S.?
A. 200 
B. 350 *
C. 450
D. 600

13. A crime lab is always located within HOW MANY miles of most (90%) police agencies?
A. 50 *
B. 75 
C. 100
D. 125

14. A police department’s own crime lab probably holds what status in the department?
A. precinct 
B. division 
C. section
D. bureau *

15. What specialty is NOT thoroughly supported by the FBI crime lab?
A. toxicology 
B. firearm tracing *
C. mineralogy
D. metallurgy

16. Trace evidence refers to any substance which may require a microscope to look at.
A. true *
B. false

17. Physical evidence describes any substance where its properties are known by reaction with another substance.
A. True
B. False *

18. Class evidence is evidence that can be traced back to its manufacturer.
A. True
B. False *

19. What was the first scientific method of identifying criminals?
A. fingerprint cards
B. the line-up 
C. the Bertillon method *
D. the Vucetich-Henry system

20. Dactylography is another name for forensic dentistry.
A. True
B. False *

21. Forensic entymology involves the study of insects.
A. True *
B. False

22. What are the chances of two people having the same DNA "fingerprint"?
A. 4 million to 1
B. 3 billion to 1 
C. 30 billion to 1 *
D. 60 billion to 1

23. A hair sample should include the root to collect DNA evidence.
A. true *
B. false

24. All guns when fired, except Smith & Wesson, leave a clockwise striation pattern on the bullet.
A. true *
B. false

25. Which of the following is NOT a component of gunpowder residue?
A. lead 
B. barium 
C. antimony
D. arsenic *

26. Chromotography involves the absorption of light by a substance.
A. True
B. False *

27. The standard 10-print card is 8 inches square and has been in use since 1908.
A. True *
B. False

28. The Henry fraction is based mainly on assigning numerical values to whorls.
A. True *
B. False

29. What are the second most common types of prints?
A. arches
B. loops
C. whorls *
D. accidentals

30. The NCIC FPC standard system codes a whorl as the letter ___.
A. A 
B. T
C. C
D. P *

31. Which of the following would be a NCIC code for a Radial Loop?
A. PO 
B. 54 *
C. CM
D. 05

32. An AFIS system computer printout usually contains a ranked list of ___ suspects.
A. 1-5 
B. 5-10 *
C. 10-15
D. 15-20

33. An APB, or BOLO, is usually recorded over what police information system?
A. NCIC
B. AWWS 
C. LETS *
D. AFIS

34. Which detective case code reveals that the case was cleared by arrest?
A. VCI (Victim Cancelled Investigation)
B. COP (Closed, Other Prosecution)
C. PRF (Prosecutor Refused to File) 
D. WPA (Warrant Pending Arrest) *

35. What is the name for the front page of the case file turned over to the prosecutor?
A. synopsis *
B. summary of facts
C. chain of custody report
D. probable cause statement

36. State police computerized rap sheet records are indexed for searches by name and alias fields.
A. true 
B. false *

37. Which record system normally allows a check by name only?
A. NCIC 
B. AWWS (Automated Wants & Warrants System) *
C. AFIS
D. CCH

38. Of the following, where is the best place to get a sample of a person’s signature?
A. motor vehicle records *
B. county court records
C. social security records
D. state criminal records

39. The military will share records on a suspect, but will also notify them you inquired.
A. true *
B. false

40. According to Post Office policy, the name and street address of anyone with a P.O. Box that is conducting business with it is public information.
A. true *
B. false

41. People with Social Security numbers beginning with 000-100 or other low numbers are from:
A. the Northeast *
B. the Northwest 
C. the Southeast
D. the Southwest

42. A "consolidated" crime report is an FBI form and filled in by the department’s TAC officer.
A. true *
B. false

43. How many subjects need to stand as possible suspects for a legal line-up?
A. 5 
B. 6 *
C. 7
D. 8

44. If a suspect refuses a line-up, their photo can be used in a mug-shot lineup anyway.
A. true *
B. false

45. According to the portrait parle of identification, which set of peculiarities are the most important?
A. age, race, build
B. nose, hair, complexion
C. chin, eyes, lips *
D. neck, mouth, ears

46. What is the standard inner perimeter for roping off an outdoor crime scene?
A. ten square feet 
B. twenty square feet 
C. forty square feet *
D. sixty square feet

47. A detective canvass of the area should follow a _______ pattern.
A. block-by-block 
B. signs of the cross *
C. you-we-I
D. plain view

48. A law enforcement conversation with witnesses or victims should follow a ____ pattern.
A. block-by-block 
B. signs of the cross 
C. you-we-I *
D. plain view

49. Exterior photographs of the crime scene would be taken in a clockwise pattern.
A. true *
B. false

50. What kind of sketch would generally be used with an outdoor crime scene?
A. the coordinate method
B. the triangulation method *
C. the cross-projection method
D. the single spiral method

51. A spiral search pattern usually requires two officers.
A. true 
B. false *

52. What kind of search pattern is best if you want to be sure you cover everything?
A. zone 
B. strip 
C. spiral
D. grid *

53. The correct order of a crime scene analysis is:
A. sketch, search, photograph
B. search, sketch, photograph
C. photograph, search, sketch
D. photograph, sketch, search *

54. What tells the difference between a rock and bullet hole?
A. a rock leaves both radial and concentric cracks
B. a bullet leaves both radial and concentric cracks *
C. a bullet leaves only radial cracks
D. a bullet leaves only concentric cracks

55. A soil sample would most easily be tested by:
A. chromatography
B. spectrophotometry 
C. a density-gradient tube *
D. its refraction index

56. What is the most distinguishing feature of a paint sample?
A. wetness 
B. color *
C. shine
D. smoothness

57. The least common man-made fiber is:
A. nylon 
B. polyester 
C. rayon
D. spandex *

58. Fiber evidence is best classified by its:
A. mass 
B. volume 
C. density
D. refraction index *

59. What does it mean if a person is a "secretor"?
A. they sweat a lot at crime scenes due to a severe perspiration problem
B. their saliva and other non-blood fluids can be traced to a blood type *
C. their bodily fluids are easily found at crime scenes
D. they leave easy fingerprints to lift because of excessive skin oil

60. What is the least common blood type?
A. type O 
B. type A 
C. type B
D. type AB *

61. Blood-spatter analysis is most often found in cases where the suspected manner of death was accidental.
A. true *
B. false

62. You should let laboratory technicians wash a shoeprint impression if it needs it.
A. true *
B. false

63. Which of the following is a good characteristic of interrogation rooms?
A. a two-way mirror should be included
B. a dummy telephone should be included
C. a working telephone should be included
D. the room should be sparsely furnished *

64. Which of the following techniques would still be considered the "third degree" treatment?
A. false line-ups 
B. marathon, 48-hour sessions *
C. pretending to beat someone in the next room
D. placing an officer undercover as a cellmate

65. Approximately ______ of communication is nonverbal.
A. 20% 
B. 40%
C. 60% *
D. 80%

66. Guilty suspects will usually scratch what part of their body?
A. head 
B. neck *
C. arms
D. legs

67. Guilty people usually like it when you offer rationalizations for their alleged wrongdoing.
A. true *
B. false

68. If a suspect's eye movement is to their right & up, they are:
A. trying to recall a visual truth
B. trying to make up a visual lie *
C. trying to recall an auditory truth
D. trying to make up an auditory lie

69. The cognitive interview technique works best on suspects with:
A. an alibi 
B. memory problems *
C. good acting ability
D. psychiatric problems

70. What is the cognitive interviewing technique?
A. eliciting a nonverbal response from the subject
B. eliciting a verbal, emotional response from the subject
C. having the subject repeat the story from various starting points in the story *
D. making the subject feel guilty so they want to confess

71. What method of confronting denial is used on a suspect with good acting ability and who gives you no nonverbal behavior to interpret?
A. cognitive interviewing
B. selective interviewing *
C. enticement interviewing
D. the Reid model of confession

72. People confess to police about _____ of the time.
A. 20% 
B. 40%
C. 60% *
D. 80%

73. Innocent people have a larger "bubble space" than guilty people.
A. true
B. false *

74. People guilty of something usually nod their heads along with the trunk of their body.
A. true *
B. false

75. Which of the following is NOT one of the three recognized types of informants?
A. volunteer 
B. paid
C. anonymous
D. conscientious *

76. The "instigator"-informant is used most commonly in what situation?
A. a case with no leads 
B. a buy-bust operation *
C. an organized crime case
D. during an ongoing trial to get witnesses

77. More informants want protection than money.
A. true *
B. false

78. A "registered" informant would be allowed to have a detective’s home phone number.
A. true 
B. false *

79. Juvenile (under age 18) informants are allowed under special conditions.
A. true 
B. false *

80. One way to motivate an informant to give you better information is to compare them with other informants.
A. true
B. false *

81. The politically correct way to refer to informants is as:
A. snitches 
B. tipsters
C. junior detectives
D. special employees *

82. Which type of witness should you come back later to reinterview?
A. the reluctant witness 
B. the fearful witness
C. the unaware witness *
D. the talkative witness

83. You should always close your interview with a witness by:
A. saying "Don’t leave town without telling us"
B. saying "Don’t worry, we’ll have this case solved in no time"
C. leaving your business card *
D. simply leaving

84. Victims are NOT normally valuable sources of information in property crimes.
A. True *
B. False

85. "Time of operation" in a burglary M.O. file refers to whether they are a day or night burglar.
A. True 
B. False *

86. Property crimes are cleared by arrest more than violent crimes.
A. True 
B. False *

87. Which part of a burglary M.O. file is used to distinguish "skilled" and "unskilled"?
A. type of premise 
B. means of entry 
C. type of loot *
D. trademark

88. Who are the most likely "receivers" for an unskilled burglar?
A. fences 
B. friends & family *
C. pawnshops
D. construction workers

89. Who are the most likely suspects in most burglary investigations?
A. employees *
B. friends 
C. visitors
D. neighbors

90. In a report describing stolen property, which items are first on the list?
A. articles with market value
B. articles with identifying characteristics
C. articles with numerical characteristics *
D. articles bearing initials or personal marks

91. About 65% of homicides are cleared by arrest.
A. true *
B. false

92. A goodbye note is found in what percentage of suicide cases?
A. 25% *
B. 50% 
C. 65%
D. 85%

93. A decomposing body is found in a rural area. The size of the largest maggot found in the body is 6 millimeters long. How many days has the victim been dead?
A. 4 
B. 6
C. 8 *
D. 10

94. A 120 lb. body has just floated to the surface of a lake. How long has the victim been dead?
A. 4 days 
B. 6 days
C. 8 days *
D. 10 days

95. Partial rigor mortis (upper body only) has set in. How long has the victim been dead?
A. 6 hours 
B. 12 hours *
C. 18 hours
D. 36 hours

96. Full rigor mortis (total body stiffness) has set in. Lividity is present and fixed. The body temperature is 77 degrees. Outside temperature is 70 degrees. How long have they been dead?
A. 12 hours 
B. 18 hours *
C. 24 hours
D. 36 hours

97. Visual, fixed surveillance is also known as a:
A. tracer 
B. tail
C. tag
D. stakeout *

98. A "pen register" is a device that tracks a suspect’s movements in their vehicle.
A. true 
B. false *

99. Motions to suppress validly obtained electronic eavesdropping evidence are usually successful ____ of the time.
A. 20% *
B. 30%
C. 40%
D. 50%

100. A tap on a fax machine requires testing the line to check if it’s the right suspect.
A. true *
B. false

101. Audio surveillance must be turned off whenever a privileged conversation takes place.
A. true *
B. false

102. Wearing a "wire" is an expected duty of undercover officers.
A. true 
B. false *

103. Which of the following is NOT part of a robber M.O.?
A. uses stolen car or plates
B. lives within 2-3 miles of the crime scene
C. likes to hang around the crime scene when police arrive *
D. likes to brag about the holdup

104. Robbers usually commit how many crimes between release from prison before they are caught again (what is their velocity of crime)?
A. 5-10 
B. 10-15
C. 15-25 *
D. 25-40

105. Which of the following is a trademark of the "professional" robber?
A. engraves stolen property with his own identification markings
B. employs a professional fence to keep up legitimate appearances
C. wears disguises and has change of clothing nearby *
D. uses accomplices as lookouts and for other purposes

106. Home invasion usually involves suspects who are the same race as the victim.
A. true *
B. false

107. More carjackings occur by luring the unsuspecting motorist over to assist a stopped vehicle than by attacks on drivers at stop lights.
A. true *
B. false

108. Robbery usually has a higher clearance rate than burglary.
A. true *
B. false

109. Which of the following is the proper investigatory procedure in a burglary case?
A. scene analysis, surveillance, informant, M.O. file
B. scene analysis, informant, surveillance, M.O. file *
C. scene analysis, M.O. file, informant, surveillance
D. scene analysis, M.O. file, surveillance, informant

110. What percentage of all fires are usually arsons?
A. 20% 
B. 30%
C. 40%
D. 50% *

111. Motive is a fairly UNIMPORTANT element in solving an arson case.
A. true *
B. false

112. Searching the arson scene is from the area of most damage to least damage.
A. true
B. false *

113. Arson fires usually burn quicker and larger than other kinds of fires.
A. true *
B. false

114. Which of the following is NOT a sign of arson using an accelerant?
A. less than 22 minutes from ignition to flashpoint
B. melted copper, aluminum, and other metals
C. melted glass, mirrors, and other glass materials *
D. deep cracks and crevices in wood

115. Arson, like computer crime, requires the perpetrator to have some special skills.
A. true *
B. false

116. Solving a fraud, or bunco, case requires:
A. testimony of at least one victim as to how they were conned *
B. proof that the operation was a conspiracy
C. documents showing an agreement or contract was signed
D. the "take" be more than 50 dollars

117. Severe child abuse cases will most likely come to police attention via:
A. tips from a family friend or neighbor
B. children reporting it to police themselves
C. calls from a hospital in the family’s home town
D. calls from a hospital away from the family’s home town *

118. A mother cannot testify against a father in a child abuse case.
A. true 
B. false *

119. More fathers abuse children than mothers.
A. true 
B. false *

120. Most "missing person" reports involving children are runaway cases.
A. true *
B. false

Last updated: Sept. 30, 2006
Not an official webpage of APSU, copyright restrictions apply, see Megalinks in Criminal Justice
O'Connor, T.  (Date of Last Update at bottom of page). In Part of web cited (Windows name for file at top of browser), MegaLinks in Criminal Justice. Retrieved from http://www.apsu.edu/oconnort/rest of URL accessed on today's date.